Machine for making rivets



B. SHWAYDER 2.236221 mun-1mm FOR MAKING'RIVETS:

Filed A i1 19 1959 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 25, 1941.

wNN mm\ ATTORNEY.

March 25, 1941. s w Y 2,236,221

MACHINE FOR MAKING RIVETS Filed April 19', 1939 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 551v JCIIWHYDEB- ATTORNEY.

March 25, 1941. SHWAYDER 2,236,221

MACHINE FOR MAKING RIVETS Filed April 19, 1939 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 1N VENTOR. fiE/V :SCH W17 V056.

i 0 gr ATTOZZEY.

Patented Mar. I 25, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MACHINE FOR MAKING RIVETS Ben Shwayder, Ecorse, Mich.

Application April 19, 1939, Serial No. 268,680

11 Claims.

My invention relates to a new and useful improvement in a method and a machine for making rivets and also relates to a rivet possessing certain characteristics resulting from the forma- 5 tion of the rivet according to the method illustrated herein.

The rivets referred to are of that type which have a head at one end of a stem with a socket at the opposite end so that the stem is hollow 10 for a portion of its length proceeding inwardly from the end opposite to the head-bearing end.

A common method of manufacturing these rivets is to produce a solid stem with the head thereon and then to drill the socket in the end of the rivet opposite the head-bearing end. This formation of the socket is an expensive operation and frequently the socket is not properly centered relatively to the longitudinal axis of the O0 stem of the rivet which results in difllculties in the machine in which the rivets are clinched.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a rivet of this class in the formation of which the drilling operation will be dispensed with and the socket of which will always be properly aligned and centered relatively to the longitudinal axis of the stem of the rivet. By eliminating the drilling operations, the difliculties and disadvantages incident thereto are avoided.

It is another object of the present invention in one of the ends of the stemformed in an extruding operation.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a machine whereby a socket may be formed in the end of a rivet stem by an extruding operation.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a machine so adapted, arranged and constructed, that a rivet may be formed in a succession of operations having a stem with a head on one end and a socket in the opposite end of the stem without resorting to any drilling operations.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a method whereby the stock from which a rivet stem is made is upset adjacent one end and the upset portion forced through an opening of predetermined size by a centrally directed arbor for eiiecting a flowing of the upset portion around the arbor to provide a centrally located end socket in the stem of the rivet.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a mechanism for constructing rivets of this class according to the method referred to.

Another object of the invention is the provito provide a rivet of this class having a socketsion of a rivet making machine having a plurality of forming members arranged for sequentiaLoperation on apiece of material for successively forming on said piece of material a head at one end and a socket at the other. 5

Another object of the invention is the provision of a forming machine of this class having a plurality of forming members adapted for sequential operation and provided with an indexing mechanism for positively indexing a rotatable .head carrying the forming members and maintaining the same in its indexed position during the operation at that position.

Another object of the invention is the provision in a forming machine of a feeding mechanism adapted for feeding a strip of material and provided with easily actuated releasing means for releasing the feeding mechanism.

Another object of the invention is the provision in a forming machine of this class of an engaging mechanism for engaging the finished workpiece and preventing its return to a die after ejection therefrom.

Another object of the. invention is the provision in a forming machine of this class of a rivet 5 making mechanism which will be simple in structure, economical of manufacture, durable, compact, highly efllcient in use and rapid in operation.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed. I

The invention will be best understood by a reference to the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification, and in which,

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of the invention with parts broken away and parts shown in section.

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of the machine 40 with parts broken away and parts shown in section.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4-4 of 5 Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary side elevational view 'of a part of the invention with parts broken away 50 and parts shown in section, taken on line 6-45 of Fig. 4.

Fig. '7 is a sectional view taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 2 with parts broken away and parts shown in section.

the crank 4|. and internally threaded for receiving one end of Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view taken on line 0-8 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken on line 9-9 of Fig. '7 with parts broken away and parts shown in section.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line I0I0 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view taken on line IIII of Fig. 2.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary view illustrating the cut-off mechanism in side elevation with parts broken away and parts shown in section.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line I3I3 of Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary sectional view slightly enlarged showing a part illustrated in Fig. 3. i

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary sectional view slightly enlarged illustrating the parts shown in Fig. 14

in a succeeding movement.

Fig. 16 is a sectional view of the forming heads slightly enlarged illustrating a step successive to the step shown in Fig. 15 and taken on line Iii-I6 of Fig. '7. v

Fig. 17 is a sectional view of the forming heads showing a step successive to the, step illustrated in Fig. 16 and taken on line II-I'I of Fig. 7.

Fig. 18 is a sectional view through the forming head showing the indexing pin and taken on line I8I8 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 19 is a sectional view illustrating a step in the formation of the rivet.

Fig. 20 is a sectional view indicating the ejection movement.

Fig. 21 is a side elevational view of a. finished rivet with a part broken away and a part shown in section. V

The machine illustrated in the drawings is supported on a frame embodying the end rails or end walls 33 and 34 and the side rails or side walls 35 and 36 which are supported by suitable rear standards 37 and forward standards 38. Each of the side walls is provided with an upwardly bulged portion 39 in each of which is mounted a suitable bushing 52 or 53 in which is journalled a shaft 40 having the centrally disposed crank 4I formed thereon to which is attached a pitman 42 carrying at one end a yoke 43 cooperating with the band 44 which is bolted thereto by means of the bolts 45 and serves to secure the pitman connected to The pitman 42 is formed tubular the threaded connecting rod 46 on which is also threaded a lock nut 41. This connecting rod 46 carries a spherical head 48 seating in the semispherical recess 49 formed in the slide block 50 and secured therein by means of the jam nut 55. This slide block 50 slides upon inwardly projecting ribs 54 and 55 projecting inwardly from the inner faces of the side walls 35 and 36, respctively, as clearly appears in Fig." 3 and Fig. 5. Guide plates 56 and 51, as shown in Fig. 5, are secured to the side rails 35 and 36, respectively, and are adapted to project beyond the faces of these side, rails and overlie the slide block 50 to retain the samein engagement with the upper faces of the ribs 54 and 55.

A projection 58 extends upwardly from the'slide block 50 and a projection 59 projects centrally outwardly from the forward face of the slide block 50, this projection 59 engaging in the recess 60 formed in the face plate 6| which is mounted on the slide block by means of the bolt 62. Formed in the face plate 6| is a passage 63 aligning with a socket 64 formed in the projection 58. Threaded through this projection and extending into thesocket 64 is a screw 65 on which is threaded a lock nut 66 (see Fig. 3 and Fig. 14).

Slidably positioned in the passage 63 is a shank 82 of a feeding tool carrying a head 61 through which is extended a passage or bore 68 opening centrally of the bore inthe shank 82. This bore 68 is of substantially the same diameter as the wire or workpiece 69 which is operated upon so as to snugly receive the same. An ejector pin I0 engages in the bore 68 and extends through the bushing II which is fed in the tubular portion of the shank 82. This bushing II carries a flange 12 against which engages one end of a coil spring 13 the other end of which engages the bottom of the socket 64. Projecting outwardly from the periphery of the rear of the head 61 is a flange 14 against which engages one end of a spring 15, the other end of which engages the face of the face plate 6|, Formed in the periphery of the shank 82 is an axially directed elongated groove 16 into which projects one end of a screw 18 threaded into the face plate 6I so as to limit the slidable movement longitudinally of the shank 82. The ejector pin 10 is provided with a head adapted for engagement with the terminal porton or projection 8! of the screw 65.

Mounted on the forward end wall or end rail 34 is a yoke 86 having an opening or passage Bl formed therein in which engages the eccentric collar or head 90 formed on the shaft 88, the lower end of which is reduced and engages in a pocket 89 formed in the forward wall 34. Fixedly mounted on this shaft 88 is a gear 9| meshing with a gear 92. The gear 9i carries as an integral part of it the feed roller 93 cooperating with the feed roller 94 formed as a part of the gear 92, these feed rollers serving as a means for feeding the wire 69. This gear 92 is fixedly mounted upon the shaft 95 which is rotatably projected through the bushing 96 positioned inthe passage 91 formed in the yoke 86.

Secured to this yoke 86 and projecting upwardly from one end thereof is a standard 98 (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. '7). Slidably projected through this standard or bracket 98 is a bolt 99 on which is threaded a wing nut IOI. On the opposite end of this bolt is provided an eye I02 in which engages one end of the arm I03 which is secured at its opposite end to the eccentric head 90. When this arm I03 is rocked the head 90 is rotated and due to its mounting in the passage 81 and its eccentric relation to the shaft 88, the shaft 88 may be moved radially relatively to the shaft 95 thus moving the feed rollers 93 and 94 inwardly and outwardly of each other. Fixedly mounted on this bolt 99 is a collar I04 against which one end of the spring I05 engages, the other end engaging a face of the bracket or standard 98, The swinging of the arm I03 is effected by a threading of the wing nut IOI onto or off of the bolt 99. Threading of the nut onto the bolt 99 effects a compression of the spring I05, this bolt 99 being slidably projected through the bracket 98 so that it is floating relatively to the brackt 98 and its floating movement resisted by the spring I05. Thus, there is provided an adjustment means for regulating the tension of the feed rollers on the wire 69 and the engagement of the feed rollers with the wire is a yieldable one so as to permit a slight relative movement of the feed rollers upon encountering I is in operative position.

I09 adapted to mesh with the ratchet teeth on the ratchet wheel H0 which is fixedly mounted on the shaft 95.

Fixedly mounted on the pin I08 (see Fig. 'I and Fig. 2) is an arm I08 which carries at one end a slidably mounted plunger H2 normally spring held in elevated position and adapted upon being pressed downwardly for engaging at its lower tapered end with a flange III projecting upwardly from the pawl I01 so that when forced downwardly the pawl I01 is rocked against the tension of the spring I01 so that the nose I09 does not engage the teeth of the ratchet wheel H0. When this plunger is pressed downwardly, the frictional contact with the flange I I I of the pawl I01 will be sufficient to retain the plunger in downwardly moved position so that the pawl will be heldout of engagement with the ratchet teeth on the wheel H0.

The arm I06 is provided with an eyelet H3 through which is slidably projected the threaded rod H4 carrying the lock nuts H5 and H6 as shown in Fig. 8. This rod H4 is connected at its opposite end to a bracket I I1 mounted on a crosshead H8. The construction is such that upon a longitudinal movement of the rod H4, the-member I06 will be rocked and when rocked in one direction the nose I09 of the pawl I01 will ride over the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel H0. When rocked in the opposite direction, the nose I09 in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel III) will effect a rotation of the shaft 95 a predetermined distance, this distance being one which may be varied by adjusting the space between the nuts H5 and H6 Consequently, it is seen that a rocking of the arm.I06 effects an operation of the feed rollers when the pawl I01 When the plunger H2 is pressed downwardly, the arm I06 may rock without disturbing or operating upon the feed rollers 93 and 94.

The crosshead H8 carries openings through which the rods H9 and I20 pass. Similar rods I2I and I22 are projected through the crosshead at the opposite side. These rods also project through passages formed inthe slide blocks I23 and I24 each of these slide blocks having an elongated slot I30 through which the shaft 40 projects, this shaft carrying a fly wheel I3I fixedly mounted thereon. The rods I I9 and I20 also pass through passages formed in the plate I25 secured to the forward wall of the structure, and the rods I2I and I22 project through passages or guide bearings formed in the plate I26Ysecured to the forward end of the frame or structure.

The slide block I23 is provided on its outer face with spaced apart rollers I21 and I28 adapted to engage the periphery of the cam I29 fixedly mounted on the shaft," (see Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5). The slide block I24 is also provided on its outer face with spaced apart rollersv I28 engaging the periphery of the cam I29 which is fixedly mounted upon the shaft 40. The construction is such that upon a rotation of the shaft 40, the cams will effect a reciprocation of the slide blocks I23 and I24 which will carry with them the rods H9, I20, I2I and I22, the crosshead I I8 being secured to these rods and, therefore, reciprocated in this movement.

Formed on the crosshead H8 is a tool-bearing head I32 carrying a number of elongated toolsupporting rods I33 which are threaded therein and spaced circumferentially thereon. This toolbearing head I32 also carries an indexing rod I34. Formed in the forward wall 34 is a plurality of axially directed circumferentially spaced passages I35 through which are adapted to project the tool-bearing rods I33 and the indexing rod I34.

Rotatably mounted on this forward wall 34 by means of the shaft I36 is a die head I31 having a plurality of passages I38 formed therein into which the tool-bearing rods I33 are adapted to project. These passages I38 are circumfer entially. spaced to correspond with the passages I35 and alternating with each of these passages I38 is a passage I39 into each of which, upon a complete rotation of the die head I31, the indexing rod I34 is adapted successively to project (see Fig. 3 and Fig. 1 Seated in one end of each of the passages 'I38 is a die I40 having a central passage I4I formed therethrough and having its inner end flared toprovide a recess I42 on the inner face of the die I40, these dies being retained in position by ascrew head I40 so that the die may be easily and quickly removed therefrom. The bore or passage MI is of substan-[ tially the same diameter as the wire 69 upon which it is desired to work. This die head I31 seats in a recess I43 formed in the inner or rear face of the forward wall 34. The die head is provided on its inner portion with circumferential teeth I44 which mesh with a gear I45 fixedly mounted on the shaft I46 journalled in the bushing I41 which is secured in the forward wall 34. Fixedly mounted upon the shaft I46 is an indexing disk I48 against the inner face of which are adapted to engage friction pads I49 carried by the brake disk I50 through which the shaft I46 projects. This brake disk is provided with a plurality of spaced rods I5I which project into pockets formed in the forward face of the wall 34. Each of these rods is embraced by a spring I52 which serves to force the disk outwardly so that frictional contact of the pads I49 with the inner face of the indexing disk I48 is maintained at all times,

Rotatably mounted upon the shaft I46 but nonaxially movable relatively thereto is a rocker arm l which carries a rockable' pawl I6I normally held spring pressed in engagement with the periphery of the indexing disk I48 having circumferentially spaced notches I62 formed therein. Apawl I63 is mounted on the wall 34 and normally held by the spring I64 in engagement withthe disk I48 for preventing reverse rotation of the same. Connected to this rocker arm I60 is one end of an actuating arm I65.

Positioned below the rod I20 and extending parallel thereto is a rod I66 journalled in the bearing I61 which is secured to the side plate 36. This shaft I66 is also journalled in the bearing carried by the bracket I68 which is secured to the side plate 36. Mounted on the shaft I66 is a worm gear I69 meshing with the worm gear I10 which is mounted upon the shaft I1I. This worm gear I10 meshes with the worm gear I12 fixedly mounted on the shaft 40, the shaft 40 being extended and being journalled as is likewise the shaft I1I in the bearing plate I13 which projects upwardly from the bracket I68 and which is connected to the side plate 36 by the plate I14 (see Fig. 4). Projecting outwardly from the member I25 is a bracket I15 which also serves as a bearing for the forward end of the shaft I66. Fixedly mounted on the forward end of the shaft I66 is an arm I16 having a groove I11 formed in its outer face and in which rides the heads of a bolt I18 which projects through one end of the arm I65, this bracket arm I16 serving as an eccentric arm.

The construction is such that, upon a rotation of the shaft 40, the shaft I66 is caused to rotate and upon a rotation of the shaft I66, the arm I16 effects a rocking of the arm I65. As the arm I65 is moved to the left of Fig. "I, the pawl I61 will ride over the periphery and the adjustment of the bolt I18 is such that this movement will be sufficient to bring the pawl I6I into engagement with the next notch I62 formed in the periphery of the indexing disk I48. As the shaft I66 continues to rotate, the arm I65 will, after the pawl I 6| has been moved to the left to engage the next notch, be moved to the right of Fig. 1 so as to rotate the indexing disk I48 in a counter-clockwise direction the portion of a revolution determined by the space between the notches. Through the gearing connection with the die head I31, the die head will also be rotated the same proportion of a revolution. The brake mechanism embodying the friction pads I49 will prevent the disk I48 from moving beyond the distance which it is rocked by means of the arm I 65 and the pawl I6I so that it will not continue to rotate in response to its momentum. As the arm I65 moves in either direction to the left of Fig. '7, the pawl I63 will function to prevent any reverse rotation of the disk I 40.

Rockably mounted on the shaft I66 is a cam I88 which is connected by the bolt I93 to an arm I9I projecting outwardly from the collar, I90 which is fixedly mounted on the shaft I66, the bolt I99 projecting through an arcuate slot I92 formed in the arm I9I. The use of the bolt and slot connection described is to permit an adjustment of the cam I88 rotatably of the shaft I66. The shaft I66 projects through an elongated slot I95 formed in the link I94. This link I94 is connected by means of the rods I96 and I91 and the turn buckle I98 to the rockable cutter beam I99, the rod I91 carrying at its upper end the yoke 203 as clearly appears in Fig. 2. Connected so as to project outwardly from one of the. side faces of the link I94 by means of the bolts 20I are rollers 202 which engage the periphery of the cam I88.

The cutter beam I99 is rockably mounted on a shaft 206 supported in the spaced apart lugs 204 and 205 which project upwardly from the plate 51 (see Fig. 11 and Fig. 1). As shown in Fig. 11, a bracket 201 projects upwardly from the side wall 35 and carries a head in which is formed a slot 208 which serves as a guide for the beam I99 in its rocking operations. A plate or blade 209 projecting outwardly from a head 2) carried by the end of the beam engages in the slot 208 and this blade and slot cooperating serve as the guide for the cutting beam I99. A cutting plate 2II is mounted in engagement with one side of the head 2I0 by means of the bolt 2I2. Secured to opposite sides of the cutting plate 2 are spring strips 2I3 and H4 which carry the downwardly projecting arms 2I5 and 2I6 each of which has an inwardly turned lower end 2I'I having beveled ends 2I8which provide a crack through which the wire orworkpiece 69 may be forced so that as the wire passes into the crack the parts 2I1 are sprung slightly apart against the resiliency of the strips 2I3 and 2I4 and thus the wire is held in position by these inturned ends in engagement with the lower face 2 I 9 of the cutting plate 2I I.

An upward projection 2201s formed on the forward wall 34 provided with a passage 22I having a die 222 mounted therein provided with a bore in alignment with the grooves in the feeding rollers 93 and 94 and through which the wire 69 is fed. .A shaft 223 is mounted on the standard 224 and .the bracket 201 and serves as a pivot for the rockable abutment plate 225 which is pivoted thereon intermediate its ends. This plate or arm 225 carries at its inner end a head or abutment die 221 against which the inner end of the wire 69 strikes. When it is being fed inwardly the head or abutment die 221 limits the amount of feeding of the wire 69. This arm 225 is rockably mounted so that as the cutting beam I99 is rocked downwardly on its cutting end, the arm 225 will be rocked downwardly on the wire engaging end against the tension of the spring 226 which is secured to its opposite end and to the base of the bracket 201 (see Fig. 3 and Fig. 11).

Upon a rotation of the shaft I 66, which is coincident with the notch of the shaft 40, the cam I88 will effect a reciprocation of the link I94 and its connecting parts to effect a rocking of the beam I99. In Fig. 3 I have shown this beam I99 in its elevated position which is the same position shown in Fig. 11. As .the link I94 is forced upwardly, the cutting end of the beam I 99 will rock I downwardly. It will be seen in Fig. 3 that the wire 69, thereby operated upon, has already been seated into engagement, at its end, with the abutment die 221. As the arm I 99 rocks downwardly, the wire projecting outwardly from the die 222 will be first engaged by the intur-ned ends 2I1 clearly shown in Fig. 12. The wire will then be engaged with the cutting face 2I9 of the cutting plate 2 so that the .portion of the wire lying between the outer face of the die 222 and the engaged face of the abutment die 221 will be severed and carried downwardly so'as to be positioned when the cutting end of the beam I99 has rocked to its lowermost position in alignment with the bore I4I formed in the die I40. The contour of the cam I88 is such that, while the shaft I66 continues to rotate and carry with it this cam I 88, the link I94 will be held stationary in the position of extreme upper movement, thus holding the cut-off piece of wire in alignment with the bore I4I formed in the die I40. While the wire is held in this position, the slide block 50 will move forward to engage the wire as shown in Fig. 14. As soon as the slide block hasmoved forward to this position, the rotation of the cam I88 will cause the beam I99 to rock upwardly into its initial or starting position at the cutting end. The wire 69 will then be held in the bore 68 of the head 61 and the slide block 50 will continue to move to the left of the, drawing shown in Fig. 3 or Fig. 1 and force the wire 69 into the bore I4I of the die I40. As the slide block continues to move the end of the head 61 will engage against the face of the die I40 and be forced rearwardly against the compression of the springs 15 and 13. As this rearward movement continues, the head 80 of the rod 10 will engage the end of the screw 65. The position of this engagement may be adjusted by threading the screw 65 inwardly or outwardly and tightening the lock nut 66 as shown in Fig. 3. The movement will continue after the head 80 of the rod 10 has engaged the reduced end 8I of the screw 65 a suflicient length of time to permit the forcing of the cut-off piece of wire 69 fully into the die I40, as shown in Fig. 15, with a portion of the cut-off piece of wire projecting outwardly beyond the face of the die. During this movement the cam I88 will, of course,

.continue to rotate so that the beam I99 will continue to rock upwardly at its cutting end. When it reaches its uppermost position of movement in this direction it will remain stationary due to the contour of the cam while other operations are being effected.

As the slide block 50 moves upwardly to force the cut-off piece of wire 69 into the die I40, the cams I29 will-cause the slides I23 and I24 to move rearwardly, that is, to the right of Fig. 1, moving the head I32 inwardly toward the end wall 34 and the tool shank I33 will be moved inwardly into the position shown in Fig. 3. It will be noted from Fig. 18 that the tool shanks are shorter than the indexing rod or plunger I34 so that as the head I32 moves inwardly toward the wall 34, the indexing rod or plunger I34 will enter one of the openings I39 before the .tool shank enters one of the openings I35 so that the indexing rod or plunger I34 serves to align the rotatable die head I31 in proper position to retain its passages I38 in alignment with the passages I35 through which the tool shanks are adapted to project. During this movement the arm I will remain stationary and the rod II4 moving inwardly will rock the am so as to cause the nose I09 of the pawl I01 to ride over the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel I I0. This movement may be called the loading movement as it moves the pawl around the ratchet'teeth to 'obtain the grip necessary for effecting a rotation of the ratchet wheel when the arm I06 moves in the opposite direction to feed a predetermined portion of the wire.

As shown in Fig. 7, in a complete sequence of operations in the form of structure illustrated, I use five of the tool shanks I33. The first tool shank to effect an operation is illustrated in Fig. 15 and may be designated by the letter S. The tool shank S carries on its end a tool 228 which serves to engage the piece of wire in the die I40 and penetrate its end so as to slightly spread it, the spread-out portion flowing into the recess I42. The movement of the slide block 50 and the tool head I32 is always, of course, in opposite directions and their movement in approach to each other is so timed that the tool 228 may effect a spreading of the piece of wire while the slide block 50 and parts carried thereby are in the position shown in Fig. 15. Consequently, the rod I0 serves as an abutment to back up the cut-off piece of wire while the slide tool 228 engages its innerend and spreads it apart to form an extrusion or slight head so as to prevent the withdrawal of the piece of wire from the. bore I4I of the die I 40. The proper timing of the slide block 50 and the tool head I32 may be effected by the adjustments possible between the sleeve 42 and the threaded stem 46 shown in Fig. 3 and the rotative relation of the cams I29 relatively to the shaft 40. When the position shown in Fig. 15 has been reached, the slide block 50 will withdraw as will also the tool head I32. The shanks I33 will clear the die head I31 and then the nuts II 5 will engage the arm I06 causing the arm to be rocked in the feeding direction to feed the wire 69 into the position shown in Fig. 3. At the same time the feeding operation is eflected, the arm I65 will be moved to the right of the drawing shown in Fig. '7 to rotate the indexing gear I48 a part of a revolution as previously described. This will cause the die head I31 to rotate a fraction of a revolution and carry into registration with the head 61 another die and the die in which the strip of material already operated upon by the tool carried by the shank S will be rotated into position for aligning with a head-forming tool 229 carried by the face plate 8| and circumferentiallyspaced from the member 61.

In order that the die head I31 may not be rotated past its proper position in response to momentum, I mount a rockable arm 230 pivotally on the forward face of the wall 34. This arm 230 carries a friction pad 23I which engages the periphery of the die head I31 and operates as a brake thereon, av spring 232 serving to' retain the proper tension of the brake shoe against the periphery of the die head. When in this position, the piece of wire will be out off as previously described and fed into a circumferential successive die carried by the die head. As the head forming tool 229 engages the outwardly projecting end of the piece of wire, the inner end of this piece of wire will also be engaged by the spreading tool 233 carried by the shank S. This spreading tool 233 is larger than the tool 228 and further flares out the end of the strip of wire to more completely fill the cavity or recess I42. The headforming tool 229 is provided with a recess 234 in which the end of the wire engages and is upset to partially form a head 235 as shown in Fig. 16. As the die head is rotated again it is brought into registration with the heading tool 236 carried by the face plate GI and as this tool 236, which is provided on its end with a recess 231, engages the partially formed head 235, it will flatten this head out into the completed head 238. At the same time, the shank S" carrying a blunt spreading tool 238, will further flare out the inner end of the strip of wire which now takes shape as the body 240 of the finished rivet so that the recess 1 I42 is substantially completely filled and one end of the body 240 is provided with a finished head 238 and the other with a bell-like recess with the ends flared outwardly into larger diameter than the body 240 as shown in Fig. 1'7.

At the next operation of the machine, the die head I3! is rotated to bring the rivet as formed and illustrated at the bottom of Fig. 17 into alignment with the tool shank 'F which carries on its end an elongated plunger or arbor 24I of substantially the same outside diameter as the diameter of the socket 242 which it is desired to form in the end of the rivet body 240. As shown in Fig. 19, the end of this plunger or arbor 24I isslightly tapered so that the recess or socket 242 formed in the end of the body 240 is tapered from its inner end outwardly. As this tool 24I engages the body 240, after it has been formed through the operation of the tool shank S", the rivet body 240 is forcibly pressed through the die .so that the extruded or flared portion 243 is forced through the bore I H of the die I40 and caused to flow around thetapered end of the forming tool 24I to form a cavity or socket in the end ofthe rivet body 240 by an extruding operation.

As shown in Fig. 16 and Fig. 11, I have mounted on the wall 34 a retaining ring 246 having a flange 241 overlying the die head I31 and servin as a retainer for preventing axial movement of the same. Mounted on this retaining r ng 246 is a bracket 248 having a depending portion 249 on which is pivotally mounted the swingable prongs 250 against which the rivet head 238 engages when the rivet is being ejected by the ejecting rod 244. As the rivet rides outwardly from the die, these prongs 250 are rocked against the tension of the spring 25f which is shown in Fig. 16 and the head 238 rides over the prongs, the prongs snapping into position inwardly of the head. These prongs serve as a means for preventing the drawing of the rivet back into the bore of the die Mil when the ejecting tool 244 is withdrawn in the event that the rivet body 240 and the ejecting tool should become fastened together. A discharge chute 252 is mounted on the side wall 35 so that the ejected rivet falling upon the discharge chute is conveyed to one side of the machine.

Thus, it is seen that there is a rivet formed at each operation of the machine, the successive operations taking place simultaneously and that the wire from which the rivet is formed is fed into the machine cut off provided with a head and formed with a socket in the non-head bearing end of the body without resorting to any drilling operations and without necessitating the removal of the rivet from the head-forming machine. In

this manner I have provided a rivet having a said plunger to provide a socket.

socket formed in one end by an extruding 0peration and also a machine for, in a sequence of operations, forming the rivet with these characteristics It is believed obvious that an economical and efficiently operating machine is thus provided and a method of forming socket-bearing rivets indicated in which the disadvantages commonly encountered in forming such a type of rivet are obviated and the advantages referred to obtained.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred form of structure and the method of operation, I do not wish to limit myself to the precise details of structure shown, but desire to avail myself of such variations and modificationsas may come within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new is:

1. A machine of the class described, comprising: a wire feeding mechanism; a rotatable die head having a plurality of spaced axially extending circumferentially arranged passages formed therein; means for rotating said die head vin steps; a die mounted in each of alternate passages formed in said die head and having a passage formed therein countersunk at one end; an indexing rod projectible into the non-die carrying passages in said head successively for securing said head against rotation; means for feeding a cut piece of wire into the passage in a die upon the securing of said head against rotation; means for upsetting one end of said wire into said countersink subsequent to the feeding operation; a tool for engaging the countersunk portion of said piece of wire and indenting the same during the feeding of a subsequent piece of wireinto another die; means for successively, at successive steps of rotation of said die head, upsetting the opposite end of said out piece of wire to provide a head; successive tools successively operable for further indenting the upset portion of said cut piece of wire in said countersink; and a plunger bearing tool engageable with the indented portion of said wire for forcing said out piece of wire outwardly from the die and effecting a flowing of the indented portion around meager 2. A machine of the class described, comprising: a wire feeding mechanism; a rotatable die head having a plurality of spaced axially extending circumferentially arranged passages formed therein; means for rotating said die head in steps; a die mounted in each of alternate passages formed in said die head and having a passage formed therein countersunk at one end; an indexing rod projectible into the non-die carrying passages in said head successively for securing said head against rotation; means for feeding a cut piece of wire into the passage in a die upon the securing of said head against rotation; means for upsetting one end of said wire into said countersink subsequent to the feeding operation; a tool for engaging the countersunk portion of said piece of wire and indenting the same during the feeding of a subsequent piece of wire into another die; means for successively,

at successive steps of rotation of said die head,

upsetting the opposite end of said out piece of wire to provide a head; successive tools successively operable for further indenting the upset portion of said out piece of wire in said countersink; a plunger bearing tool engageable with the indented portion of said wire for forcing said cut piece of wire outwardly from the die and effecting a flowing of the indented portion around said plunger to provide a socket; and ejecting means for removing said out piece of wire from said plunger after ejection of a cut piece of wire from the passage in said die.

3. A machine of the class described, comprising: a wire feeding mechanism; a rotatable die head having a plurality of spaced axially extending circumferentially arranged passages formed therein; means for rotating said die head in steps; a die mounted in each of alternate passages formed in said die head and having a passage formed therein countersunk at one end; an indexing rod projectible into the non-die carrying passages in said head successively for securing said head against rotation; means for feeding a cut piece of wire into the passage in a die upon the securing of said head against rotation; means for upsetting one end of said wire into said countersink subsequent to the feeding operation; a tool for engaging the upset portion of said piece of wire and indenting the same during the feeding of a subsequent piece of wire into another die; means for successively, at successive steps of rotation of said die head, upsetting the opposite end of said out piece of wire to provide a head; successive tools successively operable for further indenting the upset'portion of said out piece of wire in said countersink; a plunger bearing tool engageable with the indented portion of said wire for forcing said out piece of wire outwardly from the die and effecting a flowing of the indentedportion around said plunger to provide a socket; ejecting means for removing said out piece of wire from said plunger after ejectment of a cut piece of wire from the passage in said die; and means for adjusting the amount of rotation of said die head.

4. A machine of the class described, comprising: a wire feeding mechanism; a rotatable die head having a plurality of spaced axially extending circumferentially arranged passages formed therein; means for rotating said die head in steps; a die mounted in each of alternate passages formed in said die head and having a passage formed therein countersunk at one end; an indexing rod projectible into the nondie carrying passages in said head successively for securing said head against rotation; means for feeding a cut piece of wire into the passage in a die upon the securing of said head against rotation; means for upsetting one end of said wire into said countersink subsequent to the feeding operation; a tool for engaging the upset portion of said piece of wire and indenting the same during the feeding of a subsequent piece of wire into another die; means for successively, at successive steps of rotation of said die head, upsetting the opposite end of said out piece of wire to provide a head; successive tools successively operable for further indenting the upset portion of said out piece of wire in said countersink; a plunger bearing tool engageable with the indented portion of said wire for forcing said out piece of wire outwardly from the die and effecting a flowing of the indented portion around said plunger to provide a socket; ejecting means for removing said out piece of wire from said plunger after ejectment of a cut piece of wire from the passage in said die; means for adjusting the amount of rotation of said die head; and

means for releasing said feeding mechanism at,

will.

5. A machine of the class described, comprising: a wire feeding mechanism; a rotatable die head having a plurality of spaced axially extending circumferentially arranged passages formed therein; means for rotating said die headin steps; a die mounted in each of alternate passages formed in said die head and having a passage formed therein countersunk at one end; an indexing rod projectible into the non-die carrying passages in said head successively 'fOr securing said head against rotation; means for feeding a cut piece of wire into the passage in a die upon the securing of said head against rotation; means for upsetting one end of said wire into said countersink subsequent to the feeding operation; a tool for engaging the upset portion of said piece of wire and indenting the same during the feeding of a subsequent piece of wire into another die; means for successively, at successive steps of rotation of said die head, upsetting the opposite end of said cut piece of wire to provide a head; successive tools successively operable for further indenting the upset portion of said out piece of wire in said countersink; a plunger bearing tool engageable withthe indented portion of said wire for forcing said out piece of wire outwardly from the die and effecting a flowing of the indented portion around said plunger to provide a socket; ejecting means for removing said out piece of wire from said plunger af-ter ejectment of a cut piece of wire from the passage in said die; means for adjusting of said die head; means for releasing said feeding mechanism' at will; means for adjusting said feeding mechanism for varying the amount of wire fed at each operation; and means for adjusting the means for feeding a cut piece of wire into a die passage for accommodating cut pieces of wire of varying lengths.

6. A machine of the class described, comprising: a wire feeding mechanism; arotatable we head having a plurality of spaced axially extending circumferentially arranged passages formed therein; means for rotating said die head in steps; a die mounted in each of alternate passages formed in said die head and having a passage formed therein countersunk at one end; means for feeding a cut piece of wire into the passage in a die upon the securing of said head against rotation; means for upsetting one end of said the amount of rotation wire into said countersink subsequent to the feeding operation; a tool for engaging the countersunk portion of said piece ofwire and indenting the same during the feeding of a subsequent piece of wire into another die; means for successively, at successive steps of rotation of said die head, upsetting the opposite end of said out piece of wire to provide a head; successive tools successively operable for further indenting the upset portion of said cut'piece of wire in said countersink; and a plunger bearing tool engageable with the indented portion of said wire for forcing said out piece of wire outwardly from the die and effecting a flowing of the indented portion around said plunger to provide a socket.

'7. A machine of the class described, comprising: a wire feeding mechanism; a rotatable die head having a plurality of spaced axially extending circumferentially arranged passages formed therein; means for rotating said die head in steps; a die mounted in each of alternate passages formed in said die head and having a passage formed therein countersunk at one end; means for feeding a cut piece of wire into the passage in a die upon the securing of said head against rotation; means for upsetting one end of said wire into said countersink subsequent to the feeding operation; a tool, for engaging the countersunk portion of said piece of wire and indenting the same during the feeding of a subsequent piece of wire into another die; means for successively, at successive steps of rotation of said die head, upsetting the opposite end of said out piece of wire to provide a head'; successive tools successively operable for further indenting the upset portion of said out piece of wire in said countersink; a plunger bearing tool engageable with the indented portion of said wire for forcing said out piece of wire outwardly from the die and effecting a flowing of the indented portion around said plunger to provide a socket; and ejecting means for removing said out piece of wire from said plunger after ejectment of a cut piece of wire from the passage in said die.

8. In a machine of the class described, a wire feeding mechanism; a rotatable ratchet wheel for operating said feeding mechanism; a rockable arm; a pawl carried by said arm engageable with I the teeth of said ratchet wheel and adapted upon rocking of said arm in one direction for rotating said ratchet wheel for operating said feeding mechanism;- means for rocking said arm; and means operable at will for moving said pawl into inoperative position and preventing the rotation of said ratchet wheel upon the throwing of said arm.

9. In a machine of the class described, a rotatable shaft; an indexing member mounted on and rotatable in unison with said shaft; a rocker arm; a pawl carried by said rocker arm engageable with said indexing member and adapted upon rocking of said rocker arm in one direction for rotating said indexing member in the same direction; a rotatable shaft; a cam mechanism rotatable by said shaft; an operating arm reciprocable by said cam mechanism upon rotation of said cam bearing shaft for effecting a back and forth rocking of said rocker arm; and means for adjusting the position of said operating arm relatively to said cam mechanism for regulating the degree of rocking of said rocker arm.

10. In a machine of the class described, a wire feeding mechanism; a cutting mechanism for cutting pieces of wire of predetermined length; a

plurality oi circumferentially spaced axially directed passages formed therethrough;- a passagebearing die in each of some of said passages; means for rotating said head in steps of predetermined amounts of rotation, said die passages being adapted for the reception of a cut piece of wire, said die passages being countersunk on one end; means for forcing a cut piece of wire into the passages in said dies; a stationary passagebearing member, the passages in said die carrying head individually aligning, upon rotation to predetermined positions, with the passages in said stationary member; a slidable tool-bearing head; a plurality of axially directed tools projecting outwardly from one face of said tool bearing head and engageable in the passages in said stationary member and projectible into the openings in said die carrying head upon movement of said tool carrying head toward said stationary member a predetermined distance; a slide block positioned in opposed relation to one face of said die carrying head, said die carrying head being positioned between said slide block and said tool carrying head; a plurality of circumferentially spaced head forming tools carried by and extended axially of said slide block and registering with the passages in said die carrying head upon rotation of the same to predetermined positions; and means for simultaneously moving said tool carrying head and said slide block into relative approach for simultaneously operating upon a cut piece of wire at opposite ends thereof.

11. In a machine of the class described, a wire feeding mechanism; a cutting mechanism for cutting pieces of wire of predetermined length; a rotatable die carrying head, said head having a plurality of circumferentially spaced axially directed passages formed therethrough; a passagebearing die in each of some of said passages; means for rotating said head in steps of predetermined amounts of rotation, said die passages being adapted for the reception of a cut piece of wire, said die passages being countersunk on one end; means for forcing a cut piece of wire into the passages in said dies; a stationary passagebearing member, the passages in said die carrying head individually aligning, upon rotation to predetermined positions, with the passages in said stationary member; a slidable tool-bearing head; a plurality of axially directed tools projecting outwardly from one face of said tool bearing head and engageable in the passages in said stationary member and projectible into the openings in said die carrying head upon movement of said tool carrying head toward said stationary member a predetermined distance; a slide block positioned in opposed relation to one face of said die carrying head, said die carrying head being positioned between said slide block and said tool carrying head; a plurality of circumierentially spaced head forming tools carried by and extended axially of said slide block and registering with the passages in said die carrying head upon rotation of the same to predetermined positions; means for simultaneously moving said tool carrying head and said slide block into relative approach for simultaneously operating upon a cut piece of wire at opposite ends thereof; and an indexing rod carried by and extending axially ofsaid tool carrying head and permanently engaging in one of the passages in said stationary member and projectible into an aligning passage in said die carrying head, said indexing rod being of greater length than the tools extending axially of said tool carrying head.

" BEN SHWAY'DER. 

